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Chechen Republic of Ichkeria
The Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (; (チェチェン語:''Nóxçiyn Paçẋalq Noxçiyçö'') (pʰɑtʃʜɑlq nɔχtʃɪtʃʰy̯ø ), Cyrillic: Нохчийн Пачхьалкх Нохчийчоь; (ロシア語:Чеченская Республика Ичкерия); abbreviated as "ChRI" or "CRI") is the unrecognized secessionist government of the Chechen Republic. The republic was proclaimed in late 1991 by Dzhokhar Dudayev, and fought two devastating wars with the Russian Federation, which denounced the secession. In late 2007, the President of Ichkeria, Dokka Umarov, declared that he had renamed the republic to Noxçiyc̈ó and converted it into a province of the much larger Caucasus Emirate, with himself as Emir. This change was rejected by some members of the former Chechen government-in-exile.
Ichkeria was a member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization. Former president of Georgia, Zviad Gamsakhurdia, deposed in a military coup of 1991 and a leading participant in the Georgian Civil War, recognised the independence of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria in 1993.〔(in 1993, ex-President of Georgia Zviad Gamsakhurdia recognized Chechnya ` s independence.. ),〕 Diplomatic relations with Ichkeria were also established by the partially recognized Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan under the Taliban government on January 16, 2000. This recognition ceased with the fall of the Taliban in 2001.〔(Are Chechens in Afghanistan? ) – By Nabi Abdullaev, Dec 14, 2001 Moscow Times〕 However, despite Taliban recognition, there were no friendly relations between the Taliban and Ichkeria—Maskhadov rejected their recognition, stating that the Taliban were illegitimate.〔Kullberg, Anssi. "The Background of Chechen Independence Movement III: The Secular Movement". ''The Eurasian politician''. 1 October 2003〕 Ichkeria also received vocal support from the Baltic countries, a group of Ukrainian nationalists and Poland; Estonia once voted to recognize, but the act never was consummated due to pressure applied by both Russia and the pro-Russian elements within the EU.〔〔Kari Takamaa and Martti Koskenneimi. ''The Finnish Yearbook of International Law''. p147〕〔Kuzio, Taras. "The Chechen crisis and the 'near abroad'". ''Central Asian Survey'', Volume 14, Issue 4 1995, pages 553–572〕
==History==
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